【MySQL】Mysql误操作后使用binlog2sql快速回滚

摘要：不加则同步至执行命令时最新的位置。与或不能同时添加。大部分时候可以解析出来标准和回滚一种情况例外操作之后，。此时虽然在中记录了所有的，但是使用生成标准回滚的时候已经找不到了操作的相应的表无法使用闪回数据。

DML（data manipulation language）：
       它们是SELECT、UPDATE、INSERT、DELETE，就象它的名字一样，这4条命令是用来对数据库里的数据进行操作的语言
DDL（data definition language）：
       DDL比DML要多，主要的命令有CREATE、ALTER、DROP等，DDL主要是用在定义或改变表（TABLE）的结构，数据类型，表之间的链接和约束等初始化工作上，他们大多在建立表时使用
DCL（Data Control Language）：
       是数据库控制功能。是用来设置或更改数据库用户或角色权限的语句，包括（grant,deny,revoke等）语句。在默认状态下，只有sysadmin,dbcreator,db_owner或db_securityadmin等人员才有权力执行DCL

从mysql binlog解析出你要的sql。根据不同选项，你可以得到原始sql、回滚sql、去除主键的insert sql等。

数据快速回滚(闪回)
主从切换后数据不一致的修复
从binlog生成标准SQL，带来的衍生功能

# cd /usr/local
# git clone https://github.com/danfengcao/binlog2sql.git
# ls   
binlog2sql  games    java  lib64    mariadb  sbin   src  
# cd binlog2sql
#  pip install -r requirements.txt
-bash: pip: command not found
  -------------安装pip工具-------------
# wget https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py 
# python get-pip.py
# pip -V　　#查看pip版本
pip 9.0.1 from /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages (python 2.7)
# pip install -r requirements.txt
Requirement already satisfied: PyMySQL==0.7.8 in /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 1))
Requirement already satisfied: wheel==0.24.0 in /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 2))
Requirement already satisfied: mysql-replication==0.9 in /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 3))

select, super/replication client, replication slave权限
建议授权

mysql > GRANT SELECT,REPLICATION SLAVE,REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* to flashback@"localhost" identified by "flashback";
mysql > GRANT SELECT,REPLICATION SLAVE,REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* to flashback@"127.0.0.1" identified by "flashback";

shell> python binlog2sql.py -h127.0.0.1 -P3306 -uadmin -p"admin" -ddatabase -t table1 table2 --start-file="mysql-bin.000002" --start-datetime="2017-01-12 18:00:00" --stop-datetime="2017-01-12 18:30:00" --start-pos=1240

shell> python binlog2sql.py --flashback -h127.0.0.1 -P3306 -uadmin -p"admin" -dtest -ttest3 --start-file="mysql-bin.000002" --start-position=763 --stop-position=1147

create table cope_users like info_users;   # 新建表
insert into cope_users select * from info_users limit 500;  # 插入500行数据
delete from cope_users where id<20;     # 删除20行数据

# python /usr/local/binlog2sql/binlog2sql/binlog2sql.py -uflashback -pflashback -dttt -tusers --start-file="mysql-bin.000034" --start-datetime="2017-07-11 15:10:00" --stop-datetime="2017-07-11 15:12:00"
DELETE FROM `ttt`.`users` WHERE `uid`="0e8e2609c748bbb052d7" AND `ip`="172.16.208.32" AND `sex`=0 AND `app_ver`="5.2.3" AND `device_type`=2 AND `guides`="" AND `last_login_time`=1481602129 AND `id`=1 AND `latitude`="" AND `add_time`=1481602080 AND `recharge_time`=0 AND `token_change_time`=1481602129 AND `expire_time`=0 AND `nickname`="阿超" AND `device_id`="cc0e154d9b5dd703eccc7d8a0dbc0f67d64b79e8" AND `push_key`="" AND `level`=0 AND `mobile`="18810895535" AND `settings`="" AND `longitude`="" AND `signature`="" AND `os_ver`="" LIMIT 1; #start 79078 end 83053 time 2017-07-11 15:11:50
DELETE FROM `ttt`.`users` WHERE `uid`="b5cfbdb4205b56703a97" AND `ip`="172.16.208.48" AND `sex`=0 AND `app_ver`="5.2.2" AND `device_type`=2 AND `guides`="" AND `last_login_time`=1481602096 AND `id`=2 AND `latitude`="" AND `add_time`=1481602096 AND `recharge_time`=0 AND `token_change_time`=1481602096 AND `expire_time`=0 AND `nickname`="家长091410" AND `device_id`="fedea666076a7906be53523acc7a8b32811354fe" AND `push_key`="7759d6772c9851a2bfc13835a3d7e7da" AND `level`=0 AND `mobile`="13629470521" AND `settings`="" AND `longitude`="" AND `signature`="" AND `os_ver`="" LIMIT 1; #start 79078 end 83053 time 2017-07-11 15:11:50

# python /usr/local/binlog2sql/binlog2sql/binlog2sql.py --flashback -h127.0.0.1 -P3306 -uflashback -pflashback -dttt -tusers --start-file="mysql-bin.000034" --start-position=79078 --stop-position=83053

查看解析出的sql，如无误，可打印到sql文件中/data/backup/rollback.sql
# python /usr/local/binlog2sql/binlog2sql/binlog2sql.py --flashback  -uflashback -pflashback -dttt -tusers --start-file="mysql-bin.000034" --start-position=79078 --stop-position=83053> /data/backup/rollback.sql
# cat /data/backup/rollback.sql   
`id`, `latitude`, `add_time`, `recharge_time`, `token_change_time`, `expire_time`, `nickname`, `device_id`, `push_key`, `level`, `mobile`, `settings`, `longitude`, `signature`, `os_ver`) VALUES ("24667530f4b16a446b3e", "172.16.218.75", 0, "5.2.93", 3, "{"2103":1,"2100":1,"2101":1,"2102":1,"2104":1,"2105":1}", 1490239125, 19, "", 1481610680, 0, 1490239125, 0, "zf", "da75b093-bd22-48f6-bbb1-d3296e29e9b5", "be05183f80a96e788e0b0a99d1275392", 0, "15101538925", "", "", "", ""); #start 79078 end 83053 time 2017-07-11 15:11:50
INSERT INTO `ttt`.`users`(`uid`, `ip`, `sex`, `app_ver`, `device_type`, `guides`, `last_login_time`, `id`, `latitude`, `add_time`, `recharge_time`, `token_change_time`, `expire_time`, `nickname`, `device_id`, `push_key`, `level`, `mobile`, `settings`, `longitude`, `signature`, `os_ver`) VALUES ("77e50b4910a9389057ed", "172.16.218.37", 0, "5.2.1.14", 3, "", 1488787835, 18, "39.978212", 1481610517, 0, 1488787835, 0, "陈俊宇", "ed0a273d-74de-4173-92c6-55d92597bc79", "", 0, "18612482272", "", "116.306826", "", ""); #start 79078 end 83053 time 2017-07-11 15:11:50

mysql连接配置
   -h host; -P port; -u user; -p password
解析模式
  --realtime 持续同步binlog。可选。不加则同步至执行命令时最新的binlog位置。
  --popPk 对INSERT语句去除主键。可选。
  -B, --flashback 生成回滚语句。可选。与realtime或popPk不能同时添加。
解析范围控制
  --start-file 起始解析文件。必须。
  --start-pos start-file的起始解析位置。可选。默认为start-file的起始位置；
  --end-file 末尾解析文件。可选。默认为start-file同一个文件。若解析模式为realtime，此选项失效。
  --end-pos end-file的末尾解析位置。可选。默认为end-file的最末位置；若解析模式为realtime，此选项失效。
对象过滤
   -d, --databases 只输出目标db的sql。可选。默认为空。
   -t, --tables 只输出目标tables的sql。可选。默认为空。

# mysql -uroot -p000000 < /data/backup/rollback.sql

server_id = 1
log_bin = /data/mysql/mysql-bin.log
max_binlog_size = 1G
binlog_format = row
binlog_row_image = full # 默认

因为它是通过 BINLOG_DUMP 协议来获取 binlog 内容，需要读取server端 information_schema.COLUMNS 表，来获取表结构的元信息，才能拼接成 SQL 语句。因此需要给用户提供的最小权限如下：

GRANT SELECT, REPLICATION SLAVE, REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO "user"@"%";

源码中，主要是使用 python-mysql-replication 作为实时解析 MySQL binlog 来获取各个 EVENT。
python-mysql-replication 实现了 MySQL 复制协议，客户端伪装成 slave 来获取主的 binlog 和 EVENT。

一种情况例外:insert、updete、delete操作之后，drop/truncate table。 此时虽然在binlog中记录了所有的event，但是使用binlog2sql生成标准sql、回滚sql的时候已经找不到了dml操作的相应的表