Python连接Oracle

y1chuan 发布于2019-07-23 16:45 / 1054人阅读

摘要：连接当前环境下载安装包由于我本地版本是所以选择是版本参考安装包列表安装安装查看当前引入模块库的路径检查安装路径，如果文件不在以上引入路径内需要将该文件拷贝到以上引入路径所以我这里不需要进行拷贝操作

Python连接Oracle

当前环境：Linux Centos 7

1. 下载安装包cx_Oracle

由于我本地Python版本是2.7,所以选择是2.7版本

wget https://pypi.python.org/packages/e1/18/00987c6a9af9568ee87d1fcba877407684a3f1b87515e5eb82d5d5acb9ff/cx_Oracle-6.0rc1-py27-1.x86_64.rpm#md5=ff8f5cce07bd5ec8ed3ce5c79d451474

参考:

python-cx_Oracle

安装包列表

2. 安装cx_Oracle

安装：

rpm -ivh cx_Oracle-6.0rc1-py27-1.x86_64.rpm

查看当前python引入模块库的路径

[root ~]# python
Python 2.7.5 (default, Nov  6 2016, 00:28:07) 
[GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-11)] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import sys
>>> print sys.path
["", "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/AliyunUtil-0.0.1-py2.7.egg", "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/cloud_init-0.7.6-py2.7.egg", "/usr/lib64/python27.zip", "/usr/lib64/python2.7", "/usr/lib64/python2.7/plat-linux2", "/usr/lib64/python2.7/lib-tk", "/usr/lib64/python2.7/lib-old", "/usr/lib64/python2.7/lib-dynload", "/usr/lib64/python2.7/site-packages", "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages"]

检查安装路径，如果cx_Oracle.so文件不在以上python引入路径内需要将该文件拷贝到以上python引入路径,所以我这里不需要进行拷贝操作

[root ~]# rpm -qa | grep cx_Oracle | xargs rpm -ql
/usr/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/cx_Oracle-6.0rc1-py2.7.egg-info
/usr/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/cx_Oracle-6.0rc1-py2.7.egg-info/PKG-INFO
/usr/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/cx_Oracle-6.0rc1-py2.7.egg-info/SOURCES.txt
/usr/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/cx_Oracle-6.0rc1-py2.7.egg-info/dependency_links.txt
/usr/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/cx_Oracle-6.0rc1-py2.7.egg-info/top_level.txt
/usr/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/cx_Oracle.so

3. 下载Oracle Library

由于Oracle官网下载东西存在Auth认证，所以简单点就点击选中的rpm包保存在windows上，然后上传到linux上即可
注意：

下载的版本要和连接的Oracle基本一致，我需要连接的Oracle版本是11.2，所以我下载的是oracle-instantclient11.2-basic-11.2.0.3.0-1.x86_64.rpm

操作系统要和之前下载的cx_Oracle要一致，这很重要！！！我在这个上面栽了跟头，花了比较多的时间。。。所以我需要下载64位的

在Oracle官网下载东西你得先勾选Accept License Agreement，否则你下载不了

其次你得有Oracle的账号

4. 安装Oracle Library

rpm -ivh oracle-instantclient11.2-basic-11.2.0.3.0-1.x86_64.rpm

5. 配置环境变量

修改Oracle安装路径
将client64改为client，至于为什么要改暂时还不清楚，只知道不改的话会报错Oracle Client library cannot be loaded: libclntsh.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

cd /usr/lib/oracle/11.2/
mv client64 client

打开~/.bashrc,追加环境变量路径

vim ~/.bashrc

配置环境变量

// 查看Oracle安装路径
[root@iZbp180vortqapb7yf8217Z ~]# rpm -qa | grep oracle | xargs rpm -ql
/usr/lib/oracle/11.2/client64/bin/adrci
/usr/lib/oracle/11.2/client64/bin/genezi
/usr/lib/oracle/11.2/client64/lib/libclntsh.so.11.1
/usr/lib/oracle/11.2/client64/lib/libnnz11.so
/usr/lib/oracle/11.2/client64/lib/libocci.so.11.1
/usr/lib/oracle/11.2/client64/lib/libociei.so
/usr/lib/oracle/11.2/client64/lib/libocijdbc11.so
/usr/lib/oracle/11.2/client64/lib/ojdbc5.jar
/usr/lib/oracle/11.2/client64/lib/ojdbc6.jar
/usr/lib/oracle/11.2/client64/lib/xstreams.jar
// 追加ORACLE_HOME环境变量路径
export ORACLE_HOME=/usr/lib/oracle/11.2/client
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/lib

生效配置

source ~/.bashrc

6. 检查是否可以引入cx_Oracle

import没有报错，说明之前的辛苦没有白费

[root client64]# python
Python 2.7.5 (default, Nov  6 2016, 00:28:07) 
[GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-11)] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import cx_Oracle
>>>

7. 连接Oracle

一个插入n条数据的Python脚本：

#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
import sys
import cx_Oracle
import time

rows = int(sys.argv[1])
con = cx_Oracle.connect("test/test@sampledb")
cur = con.cursor()
cur.execute("SELECT MAX(ID) FROM PTTEST")
max_id = cur.fetchone()[0] or 0

start_id = max_id + 1
for i in xrange(rows):
    cur.execute("INSERT INTO PTTEST (ID, NAME, AGE, GENDER, SALARY)VALUES(%d, "pt", 15, "male", 50000)" % int(i + start_id))
    if i % 100 == 0:
        time.sleep(3)
        print "Insert rows [%d]:%d" % (int(time.time()), i)
        con.commit()
cur.close()
con.close()

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