nginx 详细配置例子

...              #全局块

events {         #events块
   ...
}

http      #http块
{
    ...   #http全局块
    server        #server块
    { 
        ...       #server全局块
        location [PATTERN]   #location块
        {
            ...
        }
        location [PATTERN] 
        {
            ...
        }
    }
    server
    {
      ...
    }
    ...     #http全局块
}

#!nginx
# 使用的用户和组,默认为nobody nobody
user  www www;
# 指定工作衍生进程数,默认为1
worker_processes  2;
# 指定 pid 存放的路径
pid /var/run/nginx.pid;

# 制定日志路径，级别
# 级别可以在下方直接使用 [ debug | info | notice | warn | error | crit ]  参数
error_log  /var/log/nginx.error_log  info;

events {
    # 允许的连接数
    connections   2000;
    # use [ kqueue | rtsig | epoll | /dev/poll | select | poll ] ;
    # 具体内容查看 http://wiki.codemongers.com/事件模型
    use kqueue;
}

http {
    # 文件扩展名与文件类型映射表
    include       conf/mime.types;
    # 文件扩展名与文件类型映射表
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    # 自定义格式 main
    log_format main      "$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local]  "
    ""$request" $status $bytes_sent "
    ""$http_referer" "$http_user_agent" "
    ""$gzip_ratio"";
    # 自定义格式 download
    log_format download  "$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local]  "
    ""$request" $status $bytes_sent "
    ""$http_referer" "$http_user_agent" "
    ""$http_range" "$sent_http_content_range"";

    client_header_timeout  3m;
    client_body_timeout    3m;
    send_timeout           3m;

    client_header_buffer_size    1k;
    large_client_header_buffers  4 4k;

    gzip on;
    gzip_min_length  1100;
    gzip_buffers     4 8k;
    gzip_types       text/plain;

    output_buffers   1 32k;
    postpone_output  1460;

    #允许sendfile方式传输文件，默认为off
    sendfile         on;
    # 每个进程每次调用传输数量不能大于设定的值，默认为0，即不设上限。
    # sendfile_max_chunk 100k;
    tcp_nopush       on;
    tcp_nodelay      on;
    send_lowat       12000;

    keepalive_timeout  75 20;

    # lingering_time     30;
    # lingering_timeout  10;
    # reset_timedout_connection  on;


    server {
        # 监听端口
        listen        80;
        # 域名可以有多个，用空格隔开
        server_name   one.example.com  www.one.example.com;

        access_log   /var/log/nginx.access_log  main; # 日志格式, log_format main

        # 对 "/" 启用反向代理
        location / {
            proxy_pass         http://127.0.0.1:8001;
            proxy_redirect     off;

            # 后端的Web服务器可以通过Host获取用户真实Host
            proxy_set_header   Host             $host;
            # 后端的Web服务器可以通过X-Real-IP获取用户真实remote_addr
            proxy_set_header   X-Real-IP        $remote_addr;
            # 后端的Web服务器可以通过X-Forwarded-For获取用户真实IP
            # proxy_set_header  X-Forwarded-For  $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;

            # 允许客户端请求的最大单文件字节数
            client_max_body_size       10m;
            # 缓冲区代理缓冲用户端请求的最大字节数
            client_body_buffer_size    128k;

            client_body_temp_path      /var/nginx/client_body_temp;

            # nginx跟后端服务器连接超时时间(代理连接超时)
            proxy_connect_timeout      90;
            # 后端服务器数据回传时间(代理发送超时)
            proxy_send_timeout         90;
            # 连接成功后，后端服务器响应时间(代理接收超时)
            proxy_read_timeout         90;
            proxy_send_lowat           12000;

            # 设置代理服务器（nginx）保存用户头信息的缓冲区大小
            proxy_buffer_size          4k;
            # proxy_buffers缓冲区，网页平均在32k以下的设置
            proxy_buffers              4 32k;
            # proxy_buffers缓冲区，网页平均在32k以下的设置
            proxy_busy_buffers_size    64k;
            # 设定缓存文件夹大小，大于这个值，将从upstream服务器传
            proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k;

            # 为存储承载从代理服务器接收到的数据的临时文件定义目录。指定目录下支持3级子目录结构
            proxy_temp_path            /var/nginx/proxy_temp;
            
            # 默认编码
            charset utf-8; 
        }

        error_page  404  /404.html;

        location /404.html {
            root  /spool/www;

            charset         on;
            source_charset  koi8-r;
        }

        location /old_stuff/ {
            rewrite   ^/old_stuff/(.*)$  /new_stuff/$1  permanent;
        }

        location /download/ {

            valid_referers  none  blocked  server_names  *.example.com;

            if ($invalid_referer) {
                #rewrite   ^/   http://www.example.com/;
                return   403;
            }

            #rewrite_log  on;

            # rewrite /download/*/mp3/*.any_ext to /download/*/mp3/*.mp3
            rewrite ^/(download/.*)/mp3/(.*)..*$
            /$1/mp3/$2.mp3                   break;

            root         /spool/www;
            #autoindex    on;
            access_log   /var/log/nginx-download.access_log  download;
        }

        location ~* ^.+.(jpg|jpeg|gif)$ {
            root         /spool/www;
            access_log   off;
            expires      30d;
        }
    }
}